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1992-09-25
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Editor's Note
The 1930s was the decade of Depression, the most catastrophic
economic downturn in history. As the terrible consequences of
the 1929 Wall Street crash spread across the country and around
the world, more and more people were thrown out of work and into
poverty and desperate hardship, with nowhere to turn for help.
The U.S. government for the first time intervened massively in
the economy to try to promote recovery, with limited success but
with repercussions that would change forever the way citizens
related to their government.
The decade was also overshadowed by aggressive, expansive
totalitarianism. Josef Stalin consolidated his despotic power
in the Soviet Union; economically ruined Germany proved fertile
ground for Adolf Hitler's race-based National Socialism. Fascist
Italy's Benito Mussolini got away with aggression in Ethiopia,
Imperial Japan in China, and Germany found its territorial
ambitions "appeased" by the West in Austria and Czechoslovakia.
Three of the totalitarian powers practiced their martial arts
in Spain's civil war, rehearsing for the global conflict whose
outbreak ended the decade.
TIME CAPSULE/THE 30s has been adapted and condensed from the
contents of TIME, the Weekly Newsmagazine. The words, except
for connecting passages in brackets [] are those of the magazine
itself.
The date at the beginning of the excerpt is the issue date of
the magazine.
TIME of 50 or more years ago was very different from today's
magazine, reflecting an era far removed in its experience,
assumptions, attitudes and prejudices from the contemporary
world. TIME stories of the 1930s are often brash, arrogant and
patronizing, sometimes wittily sophisticated, sometimes
touchingly naive, and occasionally howlingly funny in their
ignorance. The magazine had a well-developed social conscience,
which it showed by reporting every Southern lynching of the
decade in all its horror and by faithfully chronicling the
worsening indignities visited on Germany's Jews; at the same
time, it could title a story on a Faulkner novel, "Nigger in the
Woodpile," and refer to the Socialist Premier of France as "Jew
Blum."
The selection in this TIME CAPSULE, while reflecting the way
the magazine looked and read then, were made with a view to
avoiding some of the more egregious solecisms of the era. But
the acts of selecting the texts and writing the bridging
passages necessarily reflect the assumptions and attitudes,
conscious or unconscious, of this decade and of its editor.